BIO

Dissertation: N/A

Highest degree: N/A

Fields of interest:
N/A

Biography:
N/A

Residence

• Leiden 

Occupation

N/A

Education

N/A

Membership

• Linnean Society
  Honorair lid Literair Genootschap Kunstliefde Spaart Geen Vlijt 1776 - 1780

Provenance

N/A

Publications

N/A

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: N/A
VIAF: N/A

BIO

Dissertation: Das Halsskelet der Krokodile

Highest degree: PhD

Fields of interest:

• biology
• zoology

Biography:
Performed research in the Dutch Indies between 1920 and 1922. Director of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie.

Residence

• Leiden 

Occupation

• Head assistent 01-11-1922 - 30-06-1928 - Zoologisch Labaratorium, Leiden
• Privaat docent 20-08-1923 - 30-06-1928 - Universiteit Leiden, Leiden
• Gewoon hoogleraar in de dierkunde 27-02-1937 - 01-09-1963 - Universiteit Leiden, Leiden
• directeur van het Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie 26-06-1934 - 26-04-1958, Leiden

Education

• Student  - 1912 - HBS Sneek
• student biology  - 1918 - Universiteit van Amsterdam

Membership

• Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen
  Member Afd. Natuurkunde 12-06-1946
• Linnean Society
  Foreign member 
• Zoological Society
  Foreign member 
• Académie des Sciences
  Correpondent 1961

Provenance

• Boschma, H., Verslagen Natuurkunde 85, 1976, p. 101-102 door L.B.W. Jongkees; Jaarboek 1976, p. 193-197 door L.D. Brongersma.
• Bibliografie van Biografieën van biologen, dierkundigen, kruidkundigen, plantkundigen, biohistorici, natuurbeschermers, natuurfotografen, natuurillustratoren, natuurschilders etc. voor 1950 geboren. http://www.natuurcijfers.nl/biografieen.htm

Publications

• Three successive layers of external cuticle in Sacculina leptodiae Year: . Pages: 7. (PDF format)
  
• The Rhizocephalan parasites of the crab ChlorodieIIa nigra (Forsk) Year: . Pages: 10. (PDF format)
  
• The Ampullae of Millepora Year: . Pages: 14. (PDF format)
  
• On Budding and coalescence of Buds in Fungia fungites and Fungia actiniformis Year: . Pages: 12. (PDF format)
  
• The Rhizocephalan parasites of the crab Actaea hirsutissima (Rüpp.) Year: . Pages: 7. (PDF format)
  
• Sur les organelles d'absorption chez une espèce d'Amallocystis (Protozoa, Ellobiopsidae) Year: . Pages: 4. (PDF format)
  
• Further notes on variation in Loxothylacus carinatus (Kossm.) Year: . Pages: 11. (PDF format)
  
• Experimental Budding in Fungia fungites Year: . Pages: 10. (PDF format)
  
• On the food of Madreporaria Year: . Pages: 11. (PDF format)
  
• Rhizocephalan parasites of crabs of the genus Metopograpsus Year: . Pages: 9. (PDF format)
  

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: Q2263077
VIAF: http://viaf.org/viaf/60286717

View obituary (PDF format)

BIO

Dissertation: De jongste toestanden der vacuolen

Highest degree: doctor

Fields of interest:

• botany

Biography:
N/A

Residence

• Wassenaar 
• Indonesia 

Occupation

• teacher , Dordrecht
• teacher , Den Haag
• profesor in botany 1896 - Universiteit Utrecht
• rector magnificus 1905 - 1906 - Universiteit Utrecht

Education

• biology student 1880 - 1886 - Universiteit van Amsterdam

Membership

• Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen
  Member Afd. Natuurkunde 13-05-1898
• Nederlands Natuur- en Geneeskundig Congres
  Member [..1890]
• Royal Society of London
  Foreign member 

Provenance

• Went, F.A.F.C., Verslagen Natuurkunde 44, 1935, p. 90-95 door J. van der Hoeve.
• Ledenlijst Vereeniging het Nederl. Natuur- en Geneesk. Congres (1890).
• H.P. Bottelier, 'Went, Friedrich August Ferdinand Christian (1863-1935)', in Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland. URL:http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn1/went [12-11-2013].

Publications

• On the investigations of Mr. A.H. Blaauw on the relation between the intensity of light and the length of illumination in the phototropic curvatures in seedlings of Avena Sativa Year: . Pages: 6. (PDF format)
  
• On a new clinostat after DE BOUTER Year: . Pages: 7. (PDF format)
  
• The inadmissibility of the statolith theory of geotropism as proved by experiments of miss C.J. Pekelharing Year: . Pages: 4. (PDF format)
  
• Communication on Miss A. Bakker's "Investigations regarding the existence of Separate Zones of Perception and Reaction in the Seedlings of Paniceae Year: . Pages: 4. (PDF format)
  
• Some remarks on the work of Mr. A.A. Pulle, entitled: 'An enumeration of the vascular plants known from Surinam, together with their distribution and synonymy' Year: . Pages: 2. (PDF format)
  
• Latex as a constituent of the cell-sap Year: . Pages: 7. (PDF format)
  
• The development of the ovule, embryo-sac and egg in Podostemaceae Year: . Pages: 10. (PDF format)
  
• Some remarks on Sciaphila nana Bl Year: . Pages: 4. (PDF format)
  
• On the Influence of Nutrition on the Secretion of Enzymes by Monilia sitophila (Mont.) Sacc Year: . Pages: 15. (PDF format)
  
• Krulloten en versteende vruchten van de cacao in Suriname Year: . Pages: 46. (PDF format)
  

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: Q1465275
VIAF: http://viaf.org/viaf/15553786

BIO

Dissertation: Metingen over het verschijnsel van Kerr

Highest degree: doctor

Fields of interest:

• physics

Biography:
Zeeman was born to Wilhelmina Worst and Catharinus Farandinus Zeeman, a Lutheran minister. He went to the HBS in nearby Zierikzee and then studied classical languages at the gymnasium in Delft for two years. During this period he published an account of an aurora borealis visible in Zonnemaire. He entered the University of Leiden in 1885, where he studied under Lorentz and Kamerlingh Onnes and became an assistant in Kamerlingh Onnes's laboratory in 1895. He received his doctorate in 1893 for a dissertation on the so-called Kerr Effect, for the research of which he had received the gold medal of the Hollandsche Maatschappij in the previous year. After a year in Strasbourg at the Kohlrausch Institute, he became privat-dozent at Leiden and married Elisabeth Lebret, with whom he had a son and three daughters. From 1896 until his retirement, Zeeman was on the faculty of the University of Amsterdam (lecturer, 1896, extraordinarius, 1900, ordinarius, 1908). In 1908 he succeeded Van der Waals as the director of the university's physics laboratory, the Physics Institute.
While still at Leiden, Zeeman discovered the effect named-after him. He was searching for an interaction between magnetic and optical effects. Faraday had investigated the effect of a magnetic field on spectral lines as early as 1862, but without a positive result. Zeeman repeated the experiment, using a diffraction grating of high resolving power and found that the emission line of sodium was broadened (1896). Lorentz and Zeeman explained the phenomenon by supposing that the electron (discovered the previous year by JJ. Thomson) moved within the atom and emitted light. Measurements of the frequencies at the extremes of the broadened line allowed them to determine the e / m ratio. At Amsterdam, the following year, Zeeman was able to split the sodium line into a triplet, as predicted by Lorentz. For this work Zeeman and Lorentz received the Nobel Prize in physics in 1902.
Zeeman continued his research on the Zeeman effect, but the limitations of his laboratory in Amsterdam prevented great accuracy. This problem was not overcome until the construction of a new laboratory in 1923 (since 1940 the Zeeman Laboratory). He also measured the velocity of light in moving media, showing that the value of the Fresnel coefficient varied with the wavelength, a prediction of relativity theory. Only after 1923 did he return to measurements of the Zeeman effect, measuring the spectral lines of several noble gases and rhenium. Zeeman served as secretary (1912-1920) and chairman (1931) of the Physics division of the Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, as president of the Commission Internationale des Poids et Mesures in Paris from 1940 to 1943, and as rector magnificus of the university of Amsterdam from 1920 to 1923. He received honorary doctorates from ten universities and prizes from the most prestigious scientific societies, including the Académie des Sciences, the Royal Society, and the National Academy of Sciences. With A.D. Fokker, he edited the papers of H.A. Lorentz ('s-Gravenhage: Martinus NijhofF, 1934- 1939).

Residence

• Amsterdam 
• Leiden 

Occupation

N/A

Education

• student , Leiden

Membership

• Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen
  Member Afd. Natuurkunde 13-05-1898
• Royal Society of London
  Foreign Member 05-05-1921
• Nederlands Natuur- en Geneeskundig Congres
  Member [..1890]

Provenance

• Zeeman, P., Verslagen Natuurkunde 52, 1943, p. 465-466 door H.R. Kruyt; Jaarboek 1943/44,p. 208-218 door J.D. van der Waals Jr.
• Biografie opgenomen in History of Science and Scholarship in the Netherlands
• Ledenlijst Vereeniging het Nederl. Natuur- en Geneesk. Congres (1890).
• P.F.A. Klinkenberg, 'Zeeman, Pieter (1865-1943)', in Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland. URL:http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn1/zeeman [12-11-2013].

Publications

• Direct optical measurement of the velocity at the axis in the apparatus for Fizeau's experiment Year: . Pages: 9. (PDF format)
  
• The intensities of the components of spectral lines divided by magnetism Year: . Pages: 6. (PDF format)
  
• New observations concerning asymmetrical triplets Year: . Pages: 11. (PDF format)
  
• Magnetic resolution of spectral lines and magnetic force. (1st part.) Year: . Pages: 6. (PDF format)
  
• Fresnel's coefficient for light of different colours. (Second part) Year: . Pages: 13. (PDF format)
  
• Observations of the magnetic resolution of spectral lines by means of the method of Fabry and Perot Year: . Pages: 8. (PDF format)
  
• Observations on the magnetic rotation of the plane of polarisation in the interior of an absorption band Year: . Pages: 8. (PDF format)
  
• Some observations on the resolving power of the MICHELSON echelon-spectroscope Year: . Pages: 6. (PDF format)
  
• Change of wavelength of the middle line of triplets. (Second Part) Year: . Pages: 6. (PDF format)
  
• On the passage of light through the slit of a spectroscope Year: . Pages: 5. (PDF format)
  

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: Q79000
VIAF: http://viaf.org/viaf/103215195

View obituary (PDF format)

BIO

Dissertation: N/A

Highest degree: N/A

Fields of interest:
N/A

Biography:
N/A

Residence

• Amsterdam 

Occupation

N/A

Education

N/A

Membership

• Literair Genootschap 'Diligentia Omia'
  Member 1771~
• Royal Society of London
  Fellow 10-02-1763

Provenance

N/A

Publications

N/A

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: N/A
VIAF: http://viaf.org/viaf/283401356

BIO

Dissertation: Bijdrage tot de kennis van cyanazijnzuur en malonzuur

Highest degree: doctor

Fields of interest:

• chemistry

Biography:
Nobel Prize (Chemistry) 1901

Residence

• Amsterdam 

Occupation

• physics teacher 1876 - Rijks Veeartsenijschool
• hoogleraar in scheikunde, geologie en minéralogie 1878 - 1896 - Universiteit van Amsterdam
• chemistry professor 1896, Berlin

Education

• student  - Polytechnische School Delft
• chemistry student 

Membership

• Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen
  Foreign Member Afd. Natuurkunde 28-03-1896
• Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen
  Member Afd. Natuurkunde 06-05-1885
• Royal Society of London
  Foreign Member 25-11-1897
• Nederlands Natuur- en Geneeskundig Congres
  Member [..1890]
• Pruisische Academie van Wetenschappen
  Member 1896

Provenance

• Hoff, J.H. van ‘t, Verslagen Natuurkunde 19, 1910/11, p. 1212-1216 door H.A. Lorentz.
• Ledenlijst Vereeniging het Nederl. Natuur- en Geneesk. Congres (1890).
• H.A.M. Snelders, 'Hoff, Jacobus Henricus van 't (1852-1911)', in Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland. URL:http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn1/hoff [12-11-2013]
• http://rjb.x-cago.com/GARJB/1912/12/19121231/GARJB-19121231-0025/story.pdf

Publications

N/A

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: Q102822
VIAF: http://viaf.org/viaf/21285

View obituary (PDF format)

BIO

Dissertation: N/A

Highest degree: N/A

Fields of interest:

• mathematics

Biography:
N/A

Residence

• Laren 

Occupation

N/A

Education

N/A

Membership

• Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen
  Member Afd. Natuurkunde 15-05-1912
• Royal Society of London
  Fellow 27-05-1948

Provenance

• Brouwer, L.E.J., Verslagen Natuurkunde 75, 1966, p. 157 door P.J. Gaillard; Jaarboek 1966/67, p. 335-340 door H. Freudenthal en A. Heyting.
• Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederlandse Wiskundigen. http://www.bwnw.nl/

Publications

• Continuous one-one-transformations of surfaces in themselves (2nd communication.) Year: . Pages: 13. (PDF format)
  
• On symmetric transformation of S4 in connection with Sr and S1 Year: . Pages: 4. (PDF format)
  
• Besitzt jede reelle Zahl eine Dezimalbruchentwickelung? Year: . Pages: 6. (PDF format)
  
• Intuitionistischer Beweis des Jordanschen Kurvensatzes Year: . Pages: 6. (PDF format)
  
• Essentieel-negatieve eigenschappen Year: . Pages: 2. (PDF format)
  
• Ueber die Zulassung unendlicher Werte fur den Funktionsbegriff Year: . Pages: 1. (PDF format)
  
• Perfect sets of points with positively-irrational distances Year: . Pages: 1. (PDF format)
  
• Bemerkungen zum natürlichen Dimensionsbegriff Year: . Pages: 4. (PDF format)
  
• Ueber eineindeutige, stetige Transformationen von Flächen in sich (Sechste Mitteilung) Year: . Pages: 5. (PDF format)
  
• Continuous one-one transformations of surfaces in themselves (5th communication.) Year: . Pages: 11. (PDF format)
  

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: Q155887
VIAF: http://viaf.org/viaf/54216020

View obituary (PDF format)

BIO

Dissertation: N/A

Highest degree: N/A

Fields of interest:

• anatomy
• surgery
• obstetrics
• anthropology
• ophthalmology

Biography:
N/A

Residence

• Amsterdam 
• Groningen 
• Franeker 

Occupation

N/A

Education

N/A

Membership

• Bataafsch Genootschap der Proefondervindelijke Wijsbegeerte - Rotterdam
  consultant 1769 - 1789
• (Koninklijk) Zeeuwsch Genootschap der Wetenschappen
  member 29-10-1772 - 1789
• Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen - Haarlem
  member 1760 - 1789
• Royal Society of London
  fellow 17-01-1751
• Bataviaasch Genootschap van kunsten en wetenschappen - Batavia
  Corresponding member 1786~ - 1790
• Vrijdagsch Gezelschap genaamd ‘Libertate et Concordia’ - Amsterdam
  member 
• Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen - Haarlem
  Visitor 23-10-1775

Provenance

• Schuller tot Peursum-Meijer, J. and W.R.H. Koops (eds.), Petrus Camper (1722–1789). Onderzoeker van nature (Groningen, 1989)
• Oosterhuis, R.A.B., ‘Petrus Camper en Amsterdam. De wetenschappelijke loopbaan van Camper en de wederzijdse culturele betrekkingen van 1755 tot 1761’, Geneeskundige gids, 17 (1939), 403–419.
• Nuyens, B.W.Th. (ed.), Petri Camperi Itinera in Angliam, 1748-1785 (Amsterdam 1939).
• “Naamlijst der leden van het Vrijdag’s Gezelschap”, in: Naamlijst der leden van het Vrijdag's Gezelschap, opgerigt te Amsterdam den 17 december van het jaar 1734, onder de zinspreuk: Libertate et Concordia, en eenige gedichten daartoe betrekkelyk (Amsterdam 1812).

Publications

N/A

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: N/A
VIAF: N/A

BIO

Dissertation: Dissertatio, qua idea generalis solidarum corporis humani partium exhibetur (1725)

Highest degree: N/A

Fields of interest:

• medicine
• chemistry

Biography:
Professor of medicine and chemistry and physician of stadtholder Willem V. Besides medicine and chemistry, Gaubius also took an interest in the study of insects. He translated Jan Swammerdam's 'Bijbel der Natuur of Historie der Insecten' into Latin.

Residence

• Leiden 
• Paris 1752~

Occupation

• city physician , Deventer
• lector chemiae 21-05-1751, Leiden
• professor of medicine and chemistry 20-09-1734, Leiden
• consultant physician of Willem V  - 29-11-1780

Education

• student 01-06-1722 - Hogeschool Harderwijk
• student  - 24-08-1725, Leiden

Membership

• (Koninklijk) Zeeuwsch Genootschap der Wetenschappen
  member 25-04-1769 - 1780
• Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen - Haarlem
  member 1752 - 1780
• Bataafsch Genootschap der Proefondervindelijke Wijsbegeerte - Rotterdam
  consultant 1769 - 1780
• Royal Society of London
  member 
• Natuur- en Geneeskundige Correspondentie Societeit in de Vereenigde Nederlanden - ’s HageLeiden
  contributing member 1779 - 1780

Provenance

• 'Naamlijst der H.H. Leden van de Algemeene Natuur en Geneeskundige Correspondentie-Societeit', in: Verhandelingen van de Natuur- en Geneeskundige Correspondentie-Societeit ('s Gravenhage 1783).
• Institutiones pathologiae medicinalis (Leiden 1758).

Publications

N/A

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: Q71174
VIAF: http://viaf.org/viaf/32074997

BIO

Dissertation: N/A

Highest degree: N/A

Fields of interest:

• astronomy

Biography:
Famous French astronomer.

Residence

• Paris 

Occupation

N/A

Education

N/A

Membership

• Academie Imperiale et Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles
  Member 14-10-1776 - 1794
• Royal Society of London
  Fellow 24-11-1763
• Bataafsch Genootschap der Proefondervindelijke Wijsbegeerte - Rotterdam
  Correspondent 1774

Provenance

• Noms des académiciens. Regnicoles & Étrangersselon de la date de leur admission. In: Mémoires de l'Académie Impériale et Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles. 1784

Publications

N/A

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: N/A
VIAF: N/A

BIO

Dissertation: N/A

Highest degree: N/A

Fields of interest:

• astronomy
• demography
• entomology

Biography:
N/A

Residence

• Amsterdam 1686 - 1768

Occupation

• mathematician 1742
• teacher of bookkeepers and navigating officers 1750

Education

N/A

Membership

• Royal Society of London
  Fellow 22-02-1750 - 1756
• Académie Royale des Sciences
  Visitor 1752 - 1762
• Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen - Haarlem
  Visitor 1755 - 1767

Provenance

• Zuidervaart, H. J., ‘Early Quantification of Scientific Knowledge: Nicolaas Struyck (1686–1769) as a Collector of Empirical Data’, in: The Statistical Mind in a Pre-Statistical Era: The Netherlands 1750–1850, edited by P. M. M. Klep and I. H. Stamhuis (Amsterdam, 2002), 125–148.

Publications

N/A

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: N/A
VIAF: N/A

BIO

Dissertation: N/A

Highest degree: N/A

Fields of interest:

• meteorology
• hydraulics
• cartography

Biography:
Cartographer and hydraulic engineer. Cruquius was born in 1678, either on Vlieland or in Delft. His father was a mathematician and surveyor, who worked for the VOC chamber in Delft. In 1698, Nicolaas completed his education as a surveyor and started to make topographical maps, his most important work being a large wall map of Delfland in twenty-five parts. In 1716, he matriculated at Leiden University, where he worked with Herman Boerhaave. He was also active in meteorology. On 19 December 1705, he started to make meteorological measurements in Delft. First, he measured only atmospheric pressure, but soon he expanded his measurements to temperature and wind. From 1733 until his death in 1754, he continued these measurements as employee of the 'Hoogheemraadschap van Rijnland'. His main task for this organization was to manage the hydrology of the polders. Cruquius used his meteorological measurements to persuade the policy makers. He submitted a plan to the States of Holland to establish a meteorological institute. In this he was supported by three professors from Leiden University: Wittichius, 's Gravesande and Lulofs. Although the plan was rejected, Cruquius still played an important role in Dutch meteorology, by being the first to make a sustained and consistent series of meteorological observations. Another novelty was that Cruquius presented his data in graphs. He was also the first one to use symbols to present weather phenomena, such as wind and rain. He also made scientific instruments, such as a standard foot measure (the 'Rijnlandse voet'), made together with Jacob van Werven. In 1724 he was elected Fellow of the Royal Society of London.

Was the first one to use symbols to present weather phenonema

Residence

N/A

Occupation

• Inspector of Surveys for the Hoogheemraadschap Rijnland; Bailiff of Spaarndam; Examiner of Navigation for the East India Company 1700 - 1754
• cartographer 

Education

• Med. Cand.  - Universiteit Leiden

Membership

• Royal Society of London
  Fellow 12-03-1724

Provenance

• Engelen, A. van, Nicolaus Cruquius and his meteorological observations (De Bilt 1985).
• Cruquius' kaart van Delfland 1712 (Alphen a/d/ Rijn 1977).
• Brink, P. van den, In een opslag van het oog. De Hollandse rivierkartografie en waterstaatszorg in opkomst, 1725-1754 (Alphen a/d/ Rijn 1998).
• Postma, C., Kruikius' kaart van Delfland 1712 (Alphen a/d Rijn 1988).
• Sneller, Z.W., ‘De landmeter N.S. Cruquius en zijn plan tot doorgraving van den Hoek van Holland anno 1731’, Bijdragen voor vaderlandsche geschiedenis en oudheidkunde 1:3/4 (1939), 257-284.
• Zuidervaart, H.J., Van 'Konstgenoten' en hemelse fenomenen. Nederlandse sterrenkunde in de achttiende eeuw (Rotterdam 1999), 615.
• Brabander J.A. de, & Corn. J. van der Doef, Kruikius in Namen (Wateringen 1993).
• Krogt, P. van der, 'Het verhoudingsgetal als schaal', Kartografisch tijdschrift 21:1 (1995), 3-5.
• Rooseboom, M., Bijdrage tot de geschiedenis der instrumentmakerskunst in de noordelijke Nederlanden (Leiden 1950), 49.

Publications

N/A

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: Q258555
VIAF: http://viaf.org/viaf/47643770

BIO

Dissertation: N/A

Highest degree: N/A

Fields of interest:

• classical philology
• literature
• archeology

Biography:
Christian Gottlob Heyne was born in 1729 and started his academic career in 1748 at the University of Leipzig. During these years and in the first years of his career he lived in poverty.. He first came to scholarly notice with his 1755 edition of Tibullus, written in Dresden while he worked in the library of Count von Bruhl (Graf Heinrich von Bruhl). In the following year, as the Seven Year War broke out, he published an edition of Epictetus. Heyne's academic career is most closely identified with the University of Gottingen. He went there in 1763 as both professor (of eloquence) and director of the university's library. During those years, he published numerous essays, trnaslations and other writings on classical literature, art and archeology. Of Heyne's numerous writings, the following may be mentioned. Editions, with copious commentaries of Tibullus (ed. SC Wunderlich, 1817), Virgil (ed. GP Wagner, 1830-1841), Pindar (3rd ed. by GH Schafer, 1817), Apollodorus, Bibliotheca Graeca (1803), Homer, Iliad (1802), Opuscula academica (1785-1812), containing more than hundred academical dissertations, of which the most valuable are those relating to the colonies of Greece and the antiquities of Etruscan art and history. His Antiquarische Aufsatze (1778-1779) is a collection of essays connected with the history of ancient art. Under his directorship the University Library became one of the leading academic libraries in the world, its collection growing from 60.000 to 200.000 volumes. This was mostly because of Heyne's extensive international network and zealous acquisition of works.

Residence

• Göttingen 1763 - 1812
• Dresden 1752 - 1757
• Wittenberg 1758 - 1760
• Dresden 1762 - 1763

Occupation

• Director 1764 - 1812 - Gottingen State and University Library , Göttingen
• Professor of Poetry and Eloquence 1763 - 1812 - Universitat Gottingen, Göttingen
• Secretary  - Gottingische Gelehrte Anzeigen, Göttingen

Education

• Student 1748 - 1752 - Universitat Leipzig, Leipzig

Membership

• Koninklijk Instituut, derde klasse
  Associated Member 29-03-1809
• Royal Society of LondonLondon
  Fellow 1789 - 1812

Provenance

• Heyne, C.G., Algemene Vergadering Instituut 1812, p. 17 door J.H. van Swinden.

Publications

N/A

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: Q63182
VIAF: http://viaf.org/viaf/14819364

View obituary (PDF format)

BIO

Dissertation: N/A

Highest degree: N/A

Fields of interest:

• astronomy
• space science

Biography:
N/A

Residence

• Oegstgeest 

Occupation

N/A

Education

N/A

Membership

• Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen
  Member Afd. Natuurkunde 18-05-1956
• Royal Society of London
  Foreign Member 20-06-1991

Provenance

• Hulst, H.C. van de, Levensberichten en herdenkingen 2002, p. 29-36 door H.J. Habing.

Publications

N/A

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: Q437534
VIAF: http://viaf.org/viaf/108245647

View obituary (PDF format)

BIO

Dissertation: N/A

Highest degree: N/A

Fields of interest:

• physics
• mathematics
• optics
• astronomy

Biography:
Born in 1629, Huygens was the son of the poet and diplomat, Constantijn Huygens. He studied law in Leiden and Breda. He was interested mainly in mathematics and proved to be very talented early in life. With his brother Constantijn Jr., he ground lenses and made astronomical observations. He also developed a very accurate pendulum clock and established a wave-theory of light. His discoveries attracted attention abroad, and, in 1666, he was asked to lead the newly founded Académie des Sciences in Paris. After a few years absence caused by illness, he resigned from the Académie. Later in life he wrote a book on cosmolog, called 'Cosmotheoros'.

Inventor of the pendulum clock ("slingeruurwerk") and the aerial telescope. Designer of the Huygens ocular. Huygens discovered the moon of Saturn (Titan) and explained that a ring was present around this planet. He also established the wave-theory of light.

Collections: Museum Boerhaave Leiden, Universiteitsmuseum Utrecht, Noordelijk Scheepvaart Museum Groningen.

Residence

• Den Haag 1629 - 1645
• Leiden 1645-05-12
• Breda 1647
• Paris 1660-10-12
• London 1661-03-19
• Den Haag 1661-05-27
• Paris 1633-04-03
• London 1663-06-07
• Paris 1663-10-01 - 1663-06-07
• Den Haag 1664-06-07
• Den Haag 1648-05~
• Spa 1654-08 - 1654-08~
• Paris 1655-07~ - 1655-11-26~
• Paris 1666 - 1681
• Den Haag 1681 - 1695

Occupation

• Instrument maker 

Education

• Law student 12-05-1645 - Universiteit Leiden
• Student at Breda 1646~ - 1648~ - Collegium Arausiacum - Breda

Membership

• Académie de Montmor
  Attendant 
• Académie Royale des Sciences
  Member 1665
• Royal Society of London
  Member 22-06-1663
• Académie de Thévenot
  Attendant 

Provenance

• Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederlandse Wiskundigen. http://www.bwnw.nl/
• Theoremata de quadratura hyperboles, ellipsis et circuli (1651)
• De Saturni Luna observatio nova (1656)
• Systema saturnium (1659)
• Horologium oscillatorium sive de motu pendularium (1673)
• Memoriën aengaende het slijpen van glasen tot verrekijckers (1685)
• Traité de la lumière (1690)
• Cosmotheoros (1698)
• Riekher, R. Fernrohre und ihre Meister: eine Entwicklungsgeschichte der Fernrohrtechnik (Berlin 1957).
• Ahlström, O. Synverktyg fran äldre tider (Stockholm 1943).
• Jorink, E. Reading the book of nature in the Dutch golden age, 1575-1715 (Leiden/Boston 2010).
• Doorman, G. Octrooien voor uitvindingen in de Nederlanden uit de 16e-18e eeuw : met bespreking van enkele onderwerpen uit de geschiedenis der techniek (Den Haag 1940).
• Zinner, E. Deutsche und Niederländische astronomische Instrumente des 11.-18. Jahrhunderts (München 1956).
• Forbes, R.J. Cultuurgeschiedenis van wetenschap en techniek ('s Gravenhage 1966).
• Nijland, A.A. Christiaan Huygens, in het bijzonder als astronoom (Groningen 1929).
• Crommelin, C.A. Christiaan Huygens (Gent 1938).
• Icke, V. De ruimte van Christiaan Huygens (Groningen 2009).
• Daumas, M. Scientific instruments of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and their makers (London 1972).
• Harting, P. ' De tien-voets kijker van Christiaan Huygens', in: Album der Natuur (1867).
• Michel, H. Instruments des sciences dans l'art et l'histoire (Rhode-St-Genèse 1965).

Publications

N/A

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: Q39599
VIAF: http://viaf.org/viaf/9894043

BIO

Dissertation: N/A

Highest degree: N/A

Fields of interest:

• physics

Biography:
Frits Zernike attended the HBS and from 1905 onwards studied chemistry at Amsterdam. At the age of nineteen, in 1907, he answered a prize question of the University of Groningen on probability theory, for which he was awarded a gold medal. He won a second gold medal for a prize question in optics issued by the Hollandsche Maatschappij van Wetenschappen in Haarlem (1912). In that year, he passed his doctoral examinations and started work on his dissertation, for which he used his prize winning essay of 1912 as a starting point. In 1913 he was appointed assistant to the astronomer J.C. Kapteyn at the University of Groningen. In 1915 he took his degree in chemistry at Amsterdam with a dissertation L'opalescence critique, théorie et experiments.
Shortly after obtaining his degree, also in 1915, Zernike succeeded Ornstein as lecturer in mathematical physics and theoretical mechanics in Groningen and in 1920 he became full professor. In the 1920's Zernike mainly worked in statistical physics. Together with Ornstein, and later with J.A. Prins, Zernike wrote a number of articles on fluctuation phenomena. In molecular statistics he introduced the concept of a radial distribution function, giving the mean number density of molecular centers around an arbitrary molecular center. For the Handbuch der Physik he wrote a chapter on probability theory and mathematical statistics (1928). In the 1930s, while not neglecting his work in statistical mechanics altogether, Zernike became more and more interested in physical optics. He had always been a very skillful instrument-maker: as early as 1921, he had constructed a very precise galvanometer and during the 1930s he worked on the construction of the so-called phase contrast microscope. He studied errors in telescope mirrors and discovered that there is a phase difference in the diffraction of light in different substances. By finding ways to increase the phase contrast, Zernike was able to construct a much more powerful microscope, with which one could study living material (staining usually kills the cells). In 1936 he obtained a patent on his invention. Zernike long remained a bachelor. In the 1920s he lived with his sister, Elisabeth Zernike, who was an author, and with his mother. Finally, only in January 1930, he married Theodora Willernina van Bommel van Vloten. They had one son (from an earlier marriage his wife already had one daughter). In February 1945, shortly before the liberation of Groningen, Zernike's wife died.
After the war Zernike, whose chair had been redefined as including mathematical and technical physics and theoretical mechanics in 1941, further refined his phase contrast microscope. In 1946 he was elected to the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 1947-1948 he was visiting professor at Johns Hopkins University. Especially after 1950 he received honors all over the world, including in 1953 the Nobel Prize in physics for his phase contrast microscope. In 1956 he became a fellow of the Royal Society. In the year after receiving the Nobel Prize Zernike married to Lena Baanders, with whom he had no children. He retired in 1958 and in 1961 moved to Naarden (near Amsterdam). His interests were wide ranging, including secondary teaching, natural philosophy and religion. During the last years of his life he was ill and in 1953 he entered a hospital in Amersfoort, where he died on 10 March 1966.

Residence

• Naarden 

Occupation

N/A

Education

N/A

Membership

• Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen
  Member Afd. Natuurkunde 12-06-1946
• Royal Society of London
  Foreign Member 26-04-1956

Provenance

• Zernike, F., Verslagen Natuurkunde 75, 1966, p. 49-51 door C.J. Gorter; Jaarboek 1965/66,p. 370-377 door J.A. Prins.

Publications

• The clustering-tendency of the molecules in the critical state and the extinction of light caused thereby Year: . Pages: 9. (PDF format)
  
• An interpolation-formula for resistance-thermometry at low temperatures Year: . Pages: 13. (PDF format)
  
• A moving coil galvanometer of high sensitivity Year: . Pages: 7. (PDF format)
  

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: Q188293
VIAF: http://viaf.org/viaf/70621940

View obituary (PDF format)

BIO

Dissertation: N/A

Highest degree: N/A

Fields of interest:

• zoology
• insect physiology

Biography:
British zoologist

Residence

• Oxford 

Occupation

N/A

Education

N/A

Membership

• Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen
  Foreign Member Afd. Natuurkunde 10-06-1977
• Royal Society of London
  Fellow 

Provenance

• Pringle, J.W.S., Verslagen Natuurkunde 91, 1982, p. 85 door D. de Wied; Jaarboek 1983, p. 170-171 door J. de Wilde.
• http://www.purbeckradar.org.uk/biography/pringle_john.htm

Publications

N/A

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: Q967885
VIAF: http://viaf.org/viaf/111183967

View obituary (PDF format)

BIO

Dissertation: N/A

Highest degree: N/A

Fields of interest:

• mathematics
• astronomy

Biography:
N/A

Residence

• Stockholm 

Occupation

• Associate Professor 1794 - University of Uppsala, Uppsala
• Professor of Landsurveying 1806 - University of Uppsala, Uppsala
• Professor of Mathematics 1811 - University of Uppsala, Uppsala
• Vicar of Alunda Parish 

Education

• Student  - University of Uppsala

Membership

• Koninklijk Instituut, eerste klasse
  Correspondent, living abroad 19-10-1809
• Royal Swedish Academy of SciencesStockholm
  Member (Secretary: 1803-1811) 1798
• Royal Society of Sciences in UppsalaUppsala
  Member (Secratary: 1829) 1798
• Royal Swedish Academy of War SciencesStockholm
  Member 1802
• Royal Swedish Academy of Agriculture and ForestryStockholm
  Member 1815
• Franska InstitutetStockholm
  Member 1815
• Uppsala Swimming SocietyUppsala
  Founder/Member 1796

Provenance

• Svanberg, J.S., Jaarboek 1851, p. 127 door F.A.W. Miquel.

Publications

N/A

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: Q4409938
VIAF: http://viaf.org/viaf/30319920

View obituary (PDF format)

BIO

Dissertation: N/A

Highest degree: MA

Fields of interest:

• mathematics
• mechanics
• physics
• music

Biography:
N/A

Residence

• London 

Occupation

• Mathematician 
• Savilian Professor of geometry 1649 - 1703, Oxford
• Secretary to the Westminster Assembly of Divines 1644
• Professor of geometry 1649 - 1703 - University of Oxford, Oxford
• Custos archivarum 1658 - 1703 - University of Oxford, Oxford
• Royal chaplain to the King 1660

Education

• student 1632 - 1640 - Cambridge University

Membership

• Royal Society of London
  member 1660
• Royal Society of London
  president 1680
• Oxford Philosophical Society
  President 1684 - 1688

Provenance

• The Galileo Project. URL: http://galileo.rice.edu/Catalog/NewFiles/wallis.html (checked 07-03-2017)

Publications

N/A

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: N/A
VIAF: N/A

BIO

Dissertation: N/A

Highest degree: N/A

Fields of interest:

• entomology

Biography:
N/A

Residence

• Rotterdam 1859~

Occupation

N/A

Education

N/A

Membership

• Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging
  member and president (>1859) 1851~ - [1868..
• Bataafsch Genootschap der Proefondervindelijke Wijsbegeerte - Rotterdam
  member 
• Koninklijk Zoölogisch Genootschap ‘Natura Artis Magistra’
  member of merit 
• Natuurkundige Vereniging van Nederlands-Indië
  corresponding member 
• Royal Entomological Society
  honorary member 
• Société Entomologique Namuroise
  honorary member 
• Entomologiska Föreningen
  honorary member 
• Entomologische Gesellschaft Iris
  honorary member 
• Nassauische Verein für Naturkunde
  corresponding member 
• Senckenberg-Gesellschaft für Naturforschung – Frankfurt a.M.
  corresponding member 
• Sociedad Zoologica Argentina
  corresponding member 

Provenance

• Bibliografie van Biografieën van biologen, dierkundigen, kruidkundigen, plantkundigen, biohistorici, natuurbeschermers, natuurfotografen, natuurillustratoren, natuurschilders etc. voor 1950 geboren. http://www.natuurcijfers.nl/biografieen.htm
• “Lijst der leden van de Nederlandsche Entomologische Vereeniging”, in: Tijdschrift voor entomologie. Derde deel. (Leiden 1860).
• http://biostor.org/reference/13532 (13-06-14).
• Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 55 (1/2): 1-8 (1912).
• “Lijst der leden van de Nederlandsche Entomologische Vereeniging”, in: Tijdschrift voor entomologie. Jaargang 11. Tweede Serie. Derde deel. (Den Haag 1868).

Publications

N/A

Wiki and VIAF

Wiki Data: Q7192767
VIAF: http://viaf.org/viaf/2864182