PERSONEN FILTERS: pagina=2, s=, membership=Council of Dutch Indies, berichten=
Gevonden personen:
Member Group(s)
- KNAW-Lid
Variant Names
N/ABIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: N/A
Fields of interest:
Biography:
Copley Medal 1953
Residence
- Delft 
Occupation
N/AEducation
N/AMembership
- Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen
Member Afd. Natuurkunde 18-05-1926 - Royal Society of London
Foreign Member 01-05-1952
Provenance
- Kluyver, A.J., Verslagen Natuurkunde 65, 1956, p. 57-60 door M.W. Woerdeman; Jaarboek 1956/57, p. 231-237 door C.B. van Niel.
- https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Kluyver
Publications
N/AMember Group(s)
- Boerhaave (instrumentenmakers)
- Genootschaps-lid
- KNAW-Lid
Variant Names
N/ABIO
Dissertation: Quousque motus fluidorum et caeterae quaedam animalium et plantarum functiones consentiuntHighest degree: med. doctor
Fields of interest:
Biography:
Martinus van Marum was the son of Petrus van Marum and Cornelia van Oudheusden. The van Marum family stemmed from Groningen and belonged to the Reformed church. His father was land surveyor and agricultural specialist. From 1744 to 1764 he owned a delftware factory art Delft where he worked as master potter. Van Marum attended the primary school and Latin school at Delft. After the return of the family to Groningen, in 1664, he matriculated at Groningen university to study philosophy and medicine.
Among his teachers there were Petrus Camper (medicine and botany), Dionysius van de Wijnpersse (physics), Wouter van Doeveren (medicine, chemistry, and mineralogy), and Antonius Brugmans (philosophy, physics, and mathematics). Especially Camper was very influential, his views on botany aroused in van Marum a life-long interest in plants, and friendship with Camper until the latter's death in 1794. Contrary to the then common taxonomical studies, Camper advocated the study of the anatomy and physiology of the plant. In 1773 van Marum obtained the doctor's degree in philosophy on a highly praised thesis about the sap streams in plants. Later that year he graduated in medicine on a thesis in which he compared the physiology of sap streams in plants and animals.
Aspiring to a job as professor in botany van Marum was very disappointed when he was not elected to succeed Camper. He immediately turned his interests to the field of electricity. In 1776 he published a report on the technical improvements he introduced to the electrical machine. In the same year he went to Haarlem where he set up as a general practitioner (until 1780). The city of Haarlem appointed him as municipal lecturer in philosophy and medicine in 1776. Van Marum took this matter seriously: until 1780 he gave 52 public lectures on physical topics. In the context of Teyler's Foundation (see later) he would give another 163 lectures (until 1803). Until 1797 his subjects were mainly of a physico-chemical and technical nature, later he treated geological, mineralogical, and palaeontological issues.
In 1781 van Marum married the extremely wealthy printer's daughter Joanna Bosch (1739-1821), which made his possible for him to devote his life fully to the propagation and popularization of science. Thanks to his continuous and efficient activities, van Marum was able to make Haarlem a very important centre of Dutch science at the end of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth century. Van Marum used two institutions to reach his goals: the Dutch Society of Sciences (Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen, founded in 1752), and Teyler's Foundation (founded in 1778 by the wealthy menist merchant Pieter Teyler van der Hulst).
Van Marum was appointed director of the Cabinet of Curiosities of the Dutch Society in 1777, he became its perpetual secretary in 1794. In 1784 he was appointed director of Teyler's Cabinet of Physical and Natural Curiosities and Library. All these functions he combined until his death. The personal and institutional wealth of both van Marum and the institutions made it him possible to expand the collections and libraries to a scale that made them famous all over Europe. From 1782 to 1802 he made a number of journeys abroad that brought him much fossil material and minerals. His most famous acquisitions were J.J. Scheuchzer's 'homo diluvii testis', actually a fossil salamander, the fossil Mosasaurus camperi, and Beringer's Lügensteine.
Apart from these activities van Marum was involved in scientific research too. His scientific ideas rested on two pillars: physico-theology, and utility. During the first half of his scientific life physico-theological interests prevailed, especially in his chemical research, his later works were mainly motiviated by utilitarian goals. In the Verhandelingen of Teyler's Foundation Van Marum published the results of many electrical and chemical experiments he had carried out with the largest electrical machine of the time. This spectacular machine was installed in 1784 in Teyler's Museum by its maker, the British instrument maker John Cuthbertson. It had two large, round glass plates each 1.65 metres in diameter. With this electrical machine he tried to discover the relationship between electricity and magnetism. Van Marum was a life long supporter of Benjamin Franklin's one fluid theory of electricity. The new Voltaic pile was quickly adopted by Van Marum, who named it after its Italian inventor.
His most important experiments, however, lay in the field of chemistry. In 1785 was the first to recognize a peculiar odour of electricity, which we now call ozone. Together with Adriaan Paets van Troostwijk he did experiments in the winters of 1785-1786 and 1786-1787 which were concentrated on the new combustion theory of the French chemist Antoine Laurent Lavoisier. These convinced him of the correctness of the new chemisty, and he became a staunch advocate of the Frenchman's ideas. In 1787 he published a summary of this oxidation theory, even before Lavoisier did so himself. With his newly developed gazometer he discovered carbon monoxide.
From 1802 onwards Van Marum's attention shifted to botany, concentrating on South African plants. For the prince of Salm-Dyck he compiled a systematic catalogue of his aloe collection, which reflected his renewed interest in plant systematics and taxonomy. However, his interest in the relation between electricity and magnetism caused him to repeat Oersted's famous experiments in 1822.
Van Marum was always interested in the practical and organisational aspects of science. He issued many competitions to write essays on scientific topics and took care of the publication of the prize-winning ones. During the French reign, king Louis Napoleon asked him, among others, to draft a constitution for a new national scientific institution, the Royal Institute of Science, Literature, and Arts (Koninklijk Instituut van Wetenschappen, Letteren en Schoone Kunsten), which was established in 1808. Until 1836 Van Marum was one of the most active members of this scientific institution. In 1814, the new king of the Netherlands, William I, appointed Van Marum to a commission for the restructuring of higher education, and in 1821 to a commission charged with the exploration of the possibilities of active control of the Dutch rivers.
As a physician Van Marum was a typical representative of the 'Aufklärungsarzt' (Enlightenment physician), who strived to make science and medicine subservient to the interests of society at large. In Van Marum's case this attitude was also stimulated by his belief in a practical form of christianity. Examples are his propagation of the use of pure oxygen to revive drowned persons, the use of steam baths for cholera patients, artificial ventilation in houses, factories and aboard ships, and the improvement of the digestor, originally invented by Denis Papin, to provide the poor with nutritive soups.
Van Marum maintained a large network of scientific contacts and correspondents throughout his life. He was a (corresponding) member of no less than 37 scientific societies in Europe and the United States. Van Marum died on 26 December 1837, honoured by Dutch and French societies, and leaving as his heir a natural son born in 1829.
Designed an electrostatic generator, with the help of Gerhard Kuyper from Groningen. Participated in development of the largest electrical machine of his time, designed by John Cuthberson.
Residence
- Haarlem 
Occupation
- Physician 1776 - 1780, Haarlem
- Director Physisch kabinet and library 1784 - Teylers Museum
Education
- Student of Medicine and Philosophy 31-12-1764 - 20-08-1773 - Universiteit Groningen, Groningen
Membership
- Koninklijk Instituut, eerste klasse
Member 04-05-1808 - Provinciaal Utrechtsch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen
Ordinary member 5 dec 1776; Corresponding member 25 dec 1776 05-12-1776 - 1837 - Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen - Haarlem
Member, and since 1794 secretary 1776 - 1837 - Bataafsch Genootschap der Proefondervindelijke Wijsbegeerte - Rotterdam
Member 1784 - 1837 - (Koninklijk) Zeeuwsch Genootschap der Wetenschappen
Member 27-08-1782 - 26-12-1837 - Royal Society of London
Member 19-04-1798 - Vergadering van Notabelen voor het departement Zuiderzee
Member 29-03-1814 - 30-03-1814 - Teylers StichtingHaarlem
Director  - Académie des SciencesParis
Corresponding Member 1783 - Vrijdagsch Gezelschap genaamd ‘Libertate et Concordia’ - Amsterdam
member 1813~
Provenance
- Marum, M. van, Algemene Vergadering Instituut 1838, p. 11-12 door H.H. Klijn; Verslagen Instituut Klasse I, 1839, p. 5-7 door W.S. Swart.
- “Naamlijst der leden van het Vrijdag’s Gezelschap”, in: Naamlijst der leden van het Vrijdag's Gezelschap, opgerigt te Amsterdam den 17 december van het jaar 1734, onder de zinspreuk: Libertate et Concordia, en eenige gedichten daartoe betrekkelyk (Amsterdam 1812).
- Molhuysen, P.C., en Fr.K.H. Kossmann (redactie), Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek. Deel 10. (Leiden 1937) 588.
Publications
N/AMember Group(s)
- KNAW-Lid
Variant Names
N/ABIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: N/A
Fields of interest:
Biography:
Inventor of the so-called Volta pile (or voltaic pile)
Residence
- Pavia 
Occupation
- professor of philosophy , Padova
Education
N/AMembership
- Koninklijk Instituut, eerste klasse
Associated Member 25-02-1809 - Royal Society of London
member 1791
Provenance
- Volta, A.G.A.A., Algemene Vergadering Instituut 1827, p. 8 door J.F. Serrurier.
Publications
N/AMember Group(s)
- Genootschaps-lid
- KNAW-Lid
Variant Names
N/ABIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: N/A
Fields of interest:
Biography:
In 1766, Banks made a botanical expedition to Labrador and Newfoundland to collect plants and other specimens with his friend Lieutenant Constantine Phipps. He took part in Captain James Cook's first expedition (1768-1771) on the Endeavour which explored the unchartered lands of the South Pacific and recorded observations on the Transit of Venus. The expedition circumnavigated the globe, enabling Banks to visit South America, Tahiti, New Zealand, Australia and Java, and New Zealand (1769-1770), where he collected specimens. Later Banks and Solander visited the Hebrides and Iceland together (1772). His collections and library were donated to the then British Museum after his death.
Banks was elected president of the Royal Society of London in 1778, a position he held for 41 years until his death in 1820.
Residence
- London 
Occupation
N/AEducation
- student  - Oxford University
Membership
- Bataafsch Genootschap der Proefondervindelijke Wijsbegeerte - Rotterdam
Correspondent 1773 - Koninklijk Instituut, eerste klasse
Associated Member 25-02-1809 - Royal Society of LondonLondon
Fellow 01-05-1766 - 19-06-1820 - Royal Society of LondonLondon
President 01-01-1778 - 19-06-1820 - Bataviaasch Genootschap van kunsten en wetenschappen - Batavia
honorary and corresponding member 1786~ - [1814..
Provenance
- Banks, J., Verslagen Instituut Klasse I, 1821, p. 7 door J.F. Serrurier.
- Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap (1814).
Publications
N/AMember Group(s)
- Genootschaps-lid
- KNAW-Lid
Variant Names
N/ABIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: N/A
Fields of interest:
Biography:
N/A
Residence
- Utrecht 
Occupation
N/AEducation
N/AMembership
- Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen
Member Afd. Natuurkunde / (forced to resign) 21-05-1913 - 24-11-1942 - Royal Society of London
Foreign Member 29-04-1926 - Nederlands Natuur- en Geneeskundig Congres
member [..1890]
Provenance
- Cohen, E.J., Jaarboek 1879, p. 39-65 door G. van Diesen.
- http://www.joodsmonument.nl/person/446444
- H.A.M. Snelders, 'Cohen, Ernest Julius (1869-1944)', in Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland. URL:http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn1/cohen [12-11-2013]
- Ledenlijst Vereeniging het Nederl. Natuur- en Geneesk. Congres (1890).
Publications
N/A
Peter Joseph Wilhelm Debije
MALEMaastricht, Netherlands 24-03-1884 - † Ithaca (NY), United States 02-11-1966
Member Group(s)
- KNAW-Lid
Variant Names
N/ABIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: N/A
Fields of interest:
Biography:
Rumford Medal 1930, Nobel Prize (Chemistry) 1936
Residence
- Utrecht 
Occupation
N/AEducation
N/AMembership
- Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen
Foreign Member Afd. Natuurkunde 01-12-1914 - Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen
Member Afd. Natuurkunde 11-05-1914 - Royal Society of London
Foreign Member 25-05-1933
Provenance
- Debije, P.J.W., Verslagen Natuurkunde 75, 1966, p. 137 door P.J. Gaillard; Jaarboek 1966/67, p. 341-348 door E.J.W. Verwey.
Publications
N/AMember Group(s)
- Genootschaps-lid
Variant Names
- Wallisij
BIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: MA
Fields of interest:
Biography:
N/A
Residence
- London 
Occupation
- Mathematician 
- Savilian Professor of geometry 1649 - 1703, Oxford
- Secretary to the Westminster Assembly of Divines 1644
- Professor of geometry 1649 - 1703 - University of Oxford, Oxford
- Custos archivarum 1658 - 1703 - University of Oxford, Oxford
- Royal chaplain to the King 1660
Education
- student 1632 - 1640 - Cambridge University
Membership
- Royal Society of London
member 1660 - Royal Society of London
president 1680 - Oxford Philosophical Society
President 1684 - 1688
Provenance
- The Galileo Project. URL: http://galileo.rice.edu/Catalog/NewFiles/wallis.html (checked 07-03-2017)
Publications
N/AWiki and VIAF
Wiki Data: N/AVIAF: N/A
Member Group(s)
- Genootschaps-lid
Variant Names
- Ruijsch, Friedrich
BIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: N/A
Fields of interest:
N/A
Biography:
Opened a pharmacy at The Hague (1661), practised as a physician at The Hague (1664-1667), then at Amsterdam (1667-death), Praelector of Anatomy for the Surgeons' Guild of Amsterdam (1666-1731), moved to Amsterdam (1667), City Obstetrician of Amsterdam (1672-1712), Doctor to the Court of Justice (1679), in which capacity he gained considerable experience in forensic medicine, Professor of Botany at the Athenaeum Illustre and supervisor of the Botanical Gardens (1685), Pieter Hotton (FRS 1703) was his assistant (1692), lectured on anatomy to foreign visitors, developed a method of preserving corpses which was said to make them look most lifelike, the first adult on whom he tried it was the English Admiral Berkeley (1666), Peter the Great acquired his collection (1713) and King John Sobieski of Poland acquired a later collection which he gave to the University of Wittenberg, fractured his 'collum femoris' and died of a fever
Residence
N/AOccupation
N/AEducation
N/AMembership
- Royal Society of London
Fellow 09-06-1715 - Academiae Caesareae Leopoldina-Carolinae Naturae Curiosorum
Member 1705 - Académie des Sciences
Correspondent 1727
Provenance
N/APublications
N/AWiki and VIAF
Wiki Data: N/AVIAF: N/A
Member Group(s)
- Genootschaps-lid
Variant Names
N/ABIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: N/A
Fields of interest:
Biography:
Physician.
Residence
- Amsterdam 
Occupation
- physician , Amsterdam
Education
N/AMembership
- (Koninklijk) Zeeuwsch Genootschap der Wetenschappen
member 1768 - 1769 - Maatschappij tot Redding van Drenkelingen - Amsterdam
director 1767 - 1769 - Royal Society of London
member 
Provenance
N/APublications
N/AMember Group(s)
- Genootschaps-lid
Variant Names
N/ABIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: N/A
Fields of interest:
Biography:
Chanoine de l'Eglise Collégiale de Leuze
Residence
- Brussel 
Occupation
N/AEducation
N/AMembership
- Academie Imperiale et Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles
Member (1772); Directeur (1791-1793) 1772 - 1794 - Royal Society of London
Fellow 23-05-1754 - 1801 - Sociéte Litéraire de Bruxelles
Member 16-10-1770 - 1772
Provenance
N/APublications
N/AWiki and VIAF
Wiki Data: N/AVIAF: N/A
Member Group(s)
- KNAW-Lid
Variant Names
N/ABIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: N/A
Fields of interest:
Biography:
N/A
Residence
- Edinburgh 1794 - 1795
- Göttingen 1795 - 1797
- Cambridge 1797 - 1799
- London 1792 - 1794
- London 1799 - 1829
- Milverton 1773 - 1792
Occupation
- Professor 1801 - 1803 - Royal Institution of Great Britain, London
- Physician 1811 - St. George's Hospital, London
Education
- Student of Medicine 1792, London
- Student of Medicine and Physics 1795 - 1796 - Universitat Gottingen, Göttingen
- Student 1797 - 1798 - Cambridge University, Cambridge
Membership
- Koninklijk Instituut, eerste klasse
Correspondent, living abroad 11-10-1827 - Académie des SciencesParis
Associate Member 1827 - Royal Swedish Academy of SciencesStockholm
Foreign Member 1828 - Royal Society of London
Foreign Secretary 1802 - Royal Society of LondonLondon
Fellow 1794
Provenance
- Young, T., Verslagen Instituut Klasse I, 1829, p. 13-15 door H.C. Boon van der Mesch; Algemene Vergadering Instituut 1830, p. 20 door H.H. Klijn.
Publications
N/A
Franciscus Cornelis Donders
MALETilburg, Netherlands 17-05-1818 - † Utrecht, Netherlands 24-03-1889
Member Group(s)
- Genootschaps-lid
- KNAW-Lid
Variant Names
N/ABIO
Dissertation: Diss. Inaug. sistens observationes anatomico-pathologicas de centro nervosoHighest degree: professor
Fields of interest:
Biography:
N/A
Residence
- Utrecht 
Occupation
- Military Surgeon, Flushing; Lecturer in Physiology, Military Medical School, Utrecht; Professor Extraordinary, Utrecht (1847); practised in Utrecht; died of apoplexy 
Education
N/AMembership
- Koninklijk Instituut, eerste klasse
Member Afd. Natuurkunde 1855 - Koninklijk Instituut, eerste klasse
Correspondent, living in the Netherlands 09-04-1847 - 26-10-1851 - Royal Society of London
Foreign Member 14-06-1866 - Maatschappij van Verdiensten onder de Zinspreuk ‘Felix Meritis’
Honorary member 1880 - 1885~
Provenance
- Donders, F.C., Jaarboek 1891, p. 1-35 door B.J. Stokvis.
- Biografie opgenomen in History of Science and Scholarship in the Netherlands
- Naamlijst van de leden en donatrices der maatschappij Felix Meritis (Amsterdam 1885).
Publications
N/AMember Group(s)
- Boerhaave (instrumentenmakers)
Variant Names
- Vos, Isaac
BIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: N/A
Fields of interest:
Biography:
Philologist, natural philosopher and book collector, who -among others- wrote about geography, literature and optics. He traveled to Italy, France and England (1642). At the request of Queen Christina (1649-1652) he went to Sweden and sold her his father's library. In 1670 Vossius left for England where he became the Canon of Windsor (1673). After his death his library, which was reputed to be the finest private library in the world, was sold to the University of Leyden. Vossius is also known to have made his own microscopes.
Residence
N/AOccupation
- philologist, physicist, writer and probably instrument maker [1650..]
Education
N/AMembership
- Royal Society of London
Fellow 20-04-1664
Provenance
- Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW), Deel 1, p.1519-2520
- Harting, P. Het mikroskoop : deszelfs gebruik, geschiedenis en tegenwoordige toestand; een handboek voor natuur- en geneeskundigen III (Utrecht 1858).
- Bonanni, Ph. Observationes circa viventia, quae in rebus non viventibus reperiuntur : Cum micrographia curiosa sive rerum minutissimarum observationibus, quae ope microscopii recognitae ad vivum experimutur ... (Roma 1691).
- Velde, A.J.J. van de. Bijdrage tot de bibliographische geschiedenis van het microscoop I (Gent 1927).
- Jorink, E. and D. van Miert. Isaac Vossius (1618-1689), between science and scholarship (Leiden 2012).
Publications
N/A
Jacob Cornelius Kapteyn
MALEBarneveld, Netherlands 19-01-1851 - † Amsterdam, Netherlands 18-06-1922
Member Group(s)
- Genootschaps-lid
- KNAW-Lid
Variant Names
N/ABIO
Dissertation: Onderzoek der trillende platte vliezenHighest degree: doctor
Fields of interest:
Biography:
Kapteyn was born in Barneveld, and grew up in a boarding school run by his parents, Gerrit Jacobus Kapteyn and the former Elisabeth Cornelia Koopmans. He was the ninth of fifteen children and family life was minimal because of his parents' running of the school. Whereas Kapteyn's older brother, Albertus Philippus (1848-1927) was judged by his father not to be suited for a higher education and was sent to a trade school (he became a well-known engineer, who ran Westinghouse Airbrake Europe), Jacobus showed his talents early and went to the University of Utrecht in 1868, at the age of 17. He took his Ph.D. in 1875 with a dissertation on Onderzoek der trillende platte vliezen (A Study of Vibrating Flat Membranes).
Kapteyn's first position was as observer at the Leiden Observatory (which because of Kaiser had become one of the foremost institutions for position measurements), but in 1877 he accepted the appointment to the new chair of astronomy at the university of Groningen. Had he remained at Leiden, he would undoubtedly have made his career as an observer. At Groningen, however, this was not an option: his requests for a well-equipped observatory fell on deaf ears because of opposition from the existing observatories at Leiden and Utrecht. Instead, he entered an arrangement with David Gill at the Cape Observatory: in Groningen, Kapteyn would measure the plates made by Gill's staff in their photographic Durchmusterung of the southern skies. For this work, Kapteyn designed precision instruments and organized an astronomical laboratory. The work began in 1885 and the positions of 450,000 southern stars thus measured appeared in three volumes between 1896 and 1900.
But stellar positions and brightnesses were only a means to an end. Like many other astronomers of his day, Kapteyn was interested in the distribution of stars and the structure of the Milky Way. By 1906, he had organized the international cooperative 'Plan of Selected Areas', in which the work of cataloguing the stars in 206 sample areas was divided among 30 observatories, a work that was not finished until almost half a century after Kapteyn's death. The information obtained was: apparent brightness, proper motion, radial motion, color, etc. Since the correlation of apparent brightness with distance had already been proven erroneous by William Herschel toward the end of his life, Kapteyn took a statistical approach: although the correlation was false for individual stars, it should apply for representative groupings of stars. By about 1920, as Kapteyn's career neared its end, enough information was becoming available to reveal a disk-like structure of the Milky Way, about six times as wide as thick, with the Sun near the center. Kapteyn was aware of the problem of extinction absorption of starlight by interstellar matter, but all his efforts to measure this were negative. The 'Kapteyn Universe' was therefore altered when absorption was demonstrated: its size had to be increased (although not as much as Harlow Shapley advocated) and the position of the Sun was determined, as argued by Shapley, to be eccentric. Kapteyn's program, however, retained its validity and was pursued by his successors. His study also showed that there were preferred motions of stars in the solar neighborhood, which showed relative motions of two groups of stars: this was important evidence that the Milky Way had a spiral structure and that our Sun was in one of the spiral arms.
After World War I, Kapteyn was one of a handful of scientists (see also Lorentz) who opposed the exclusion of German and Austrian scientists from international bodies and cooperative research, a practice not stopped until after his death. Kapteyn retired in 1921
Residence
- Groningen 
Occupation
- hoogleraar sterrenkunde en theoretische mechanica 1877 - 1921, Groningen
Education
- physics and mathematics student 1868 - 1875, Leiden
Membership
- Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen
Member Afd. Natuurkunde 09-05-1888 - Royal Society of London
Foreign Member 26-06-1919 - Nederlands Natuur- en Geneeskundig Congres
Member [..1890]
Provenance
- Kapteyn, J.C., Verslagen Natuurkunde 31, 1922, p. 284-287 door F.A.F.C. Went.
- Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederlandse Wiskundigen. http://www.bwnw.nl/
- Biografie opgenomen in History of Science and Scholarship in the Netherlands
- A. Blaauw, 'Kapteijn, Jacobus Cornelius (1851-1922)', in Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland. URL:http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn2/kapteijnjc [12-11-2013].
- Ledenlijst Vereeniging het Nederl. Natuur- en Geneesk. Congres (1890).
Publications
-
The Milky way and the star-streams Year: . Pages: 8. (PDF format)
-
The determination of the Apex of the Solar motion Year: . Pages: 23. (PDF format)
-
On the parallax of the nebulae Year: . Pages: 10. (PDF format)
-
Reply to the criticism of Dr. J. Stein, S.J Year: . Pages: 12. (PDF format)
-
Star systems and the milky way Year: . Pages: 4. (PDF format)
-
On the mean star-density at different distances from the solar system Year: . Pages: 11. (PDF format)
-
On the luminosity of the fixed stars Year: . Pages: 33. (PDF format)
Member Group(s)
- Genootschaps-lid
Variant Names
N/ABIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: N/A
Fields of interest:
N/A
Biography:
Served in the Dutch East India Company, went to Batavia (1732), became governor of Ceylon, studied flora and fauna of Java
Residence
- Utrecht 
Occupation
N/AEducation
N/AMembership
- Provinciaal Utrechtsch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen
Ordinary member 1 nov 1781; Contributing member 23 Nov 1781 1781 - 1789 - Royal Society of London
Fellow 27-11-1760
Provenance
N/APublications
N/AMember Group(s)
- Genootschaps-lid
Variant Names
- Lyonet, Petrus
- Lyonnet, Pieter
BIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: N/A
Fields of interest:
Biography:
Physiscist. Lyonnet was a student of Law in Leiden. He became lawyer in The Hague and later held the position of the 'Secretaris der Cijfers'. He was interested in natural history and published a work on insects, which was beautifully illustrated by Lyonnet himself. In 1749 Lyonnet began his considerable collection of horns and shells, which was, according to testimony of travelers and experts, one of the most beautiful in the whole of Europe. During the last 20 years of his life, Lyonnet collected a cabinet of paintings, that held more than 560 pieces, under which work of some of the most famous masters. Lyonnet was famous throughout whole Europe and member of several societies of physics. He was a man of impeccable behavior and a devoted christian.
Residence
- Den Haag 
Occupation
- lawyer , Den Haag
- Secretaris van Cijfers 
- translator French linguistic 
- patentmeester 
Education
- student of Law  - Universiteit Leiden
Membership
- Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen - Haarlem
Member 1753 - Royal Society of London
Fellow 14-01-1748
Provenance
- Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW), Deel 8, p.1089-1090
- Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW), Deel 8, p.1089-1090
- Lalande, J.J. de. Voyage de Hollande, Paris, Bibliothèque de l’Institut de France, Ms 2195, p. 43, 54.
Publications
N/AWiki and VIAF
Wiki Data: N/AVIAF: N/A
Member Group(s)
- Genootschaps-lid
Variant Names
N/ABIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: N/A
Fields of interest:
N/A
Biography:
Pensioner of Rotterdam (1748)
Residence
- Rotterdam 
Occupation
N/AEducation
N/AMembership
- Maatschappij der Nederlandsche Letterkunde - Leiden
Member 1767 - 1771 - Royal Society of London
Fellow 24-04-1760
Provenance
N/APublications
N/AMember Group(s)
- Boerhaave (instrumentenmakers)
Variant Names
N/ABIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: phd medicine (1715)
Fields of interest:
Biography:
Petrus van Musschenbroek belonged to a family of brass founders and instrument makers who had turned to the construction scientific instruments in the middle of the seventeenth century. His father Johan, his uncle Samuel, and his brother Jan all earned solid reputations in this field, Jan working closely with the Leiden natural philosopher Willem Jacob 's Gravesande. Petrus, five years younger than Jan, studied at the University of Leiden and in 1715 earned his doctorate in medicine. After a visit to England (where he met Desaguliers) he practiced medicine in Leiden for a few years, but after receiving a second degree in philosophy he accepted a professorate in mathematics and philosophy in Duisburg in 1719. In 1721 he also became extraordinary professor of medicine. In 1723 Musschenbroek moved to Utrecht, where he held the position of professor of natural philosophy and mathematics The following year he married Adrina van de Water (who died prematurely in 1732). From 1732 onwards, Musschenbroek also was professor of astronomy in Utrecht. Here he became well known for his lectures in experimental philosophy, in which he followed the new guidelines set forth by Newton and 's Gravesande. His textbooks became famous far outside the lecture halls of Utrecht. In 1726 he published Epitome elementorum Physico mathematicorum conscripta in usus academicos, followed by Elementa physicae in 1734. Musschenbroek refused offers from Copenhagen (1731) and Göttingen (1737), but he accepted a call from Leiden in 1739, where he lectured on philosophy from 1740 until his death. In 1742 he succeeded the deceased 's Gravesande as professor of experimental natural philosophy. His lectures, which attracted many foreign students, were published as his Institutiones physicae (1748) and his Introductio ad philosophiam naturalem (posthumously published in 1762 by Lulofs). During his lectures Musschenbroek used instruments that more often than not were devised by himself and constructed by his brother Jan (except for the barometers and thermometers, which were made by Fahrenheit and others). Compared to 's Gravesande, Musschenbroek paid more attention to the experimental gathering of facts and less to the mathematical formulae to which these facts had to be reduced. Accordingly, Musschenbroek's research was concerned with other topics than 's Gravesande had considered important. Whereas 's Gravesande extensively discussed mechanics and astronomy, Musschenbroek gave much attention to, for instance, the effects of heating and to meteorology and electricity. He constructed the pyrometer and is credited with the invention of the Leiden jar (1746). Because of his experimental approach, one of his biographers characterized Musschenbroek as a Newtonian scientist with a Baconian bent.
Collection: Museum Boerhaave Leiden.
Residence
- Utrecht 
- Leiden 
- London 1717 - 1717
Occupation
- professor of mathematics and philosophy 1740 - 1761 - Universiteit Leiden, Leiden
- professor 1719 - 1723 - Universität Duisburg, Duisburg
- professor 1723 - 1740 - Universiteit Utrecht, Utrecht
- doctor 1716 - 1719, Leiden
- instrument maker 
Education
- student mathematics, medicine and physics  - 1715 - Universiteit Leiden, Leiden
Membership
- Académie des SciencesParis
member  - Akademie der Wissenschaften BerlinBerlin
member  - Royal Society of London
Fellow 14-11-1734
Provenance
- Musschenbroek, P. van, Institutiones physicæ conscriptæ in usus academicos (Leiden 1748).
- Leiden, UB : BPL 240; Letter by Dirk Metz (1731 fl.) to Petrus van Musschenbroek (1692-1761).
- Musschenbroek, P. van, Disputatio medica inauguralis de aëris praesentia in humoribus animalibus ... ex auctoritata ... Wolferdi Senguerdii ... (Leiden 1715).
- Musschenbroek, P. van, Introductio ad philosophiam naturalem (Leiden 1762).
- Musschenbroek, P. van, Essai de physique (Leiden 1739).
- Musschenbroek, P. van, Epitome elementorum physico-mathematicorum (Leiden 1726).
- Rooseboom, M., Bijdrage tot de geschiedenis der instrumentmakerskunst in de noordelijke Nederlanden (Leiden 1950).
- Clercq, P. de, At the sign of the oriental lamp. The Musschenbroek workshop in Leiden, 1660-1750 (Rotterdam 1997).
- Musschenbroek, P. van, Beginselen der natuurkunde, beschreven ten dienste der landgenooten (Leiden 1736); second enlarged edition: 1739
- Mörzer Bruyns, W.F.J., Schip recht door zee : de octant in de Republiek in de achttiende eeuw (Amsterdam 2003).
- Fournier, M., Early microscopes : a descriptive catalogue (Leiden 2003).
- Crommelin, C.A., 'Leidsche leden van het geslacht Van Musschenbroek', Jaarboekje voor geschiedenis en oudheidkunde van Leiden en omstreken (1939).
- Pater, C. de, Petrus van Musschenbroek (1692-1761): een newtoniaans natuuronderzoeker (Utrecht 1979)
- Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW), Deel 10, p.659-660
Publications
N/AMember Group(s)
- Genootschaps-lid
Variant Names
- Titsingh, Mr. Isaac
BIO
Dissertation: N/AHighest degree: N/A
Fields of interest:
N/A
Biography:
Head of the factory of the Dutch East India Company, Nagasaki (1778-1784), "Raad Extra-Ordinair van Nederlands Indië" (~1790), Director of Bengalen
Residence
N/AOccupation
- Raad Extra-Ordinair van Nederlands Indië 1790~
- Head of the factory of the Dutch East India Company 1778 - 1784, Nagasaki
- Director 1790~, Bengalen
Education
N/AMembership
- Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen - Haarlem
Director 1795 - Royal Society of London
Fellow 22-06-1797 - Bataviaasch Genootschap van kunsten en wetenschappen - Batavia
member (1778) and Director (1789)  1792~
Provenance
N/APublications
N/AMember Group(s)
- Genootschaps-lid
Variant Names
N/ABIO
Dissertation: De Osteogenia (1731).Highest degree: N/A
Fields of interest:
Biography:
Job Baster was a disciple of Herman Boerhaave and Willem Jacob 's Gravesande. He was also a Physician. To complete his study he went to France and England to visit the hospitals and botanical gardens. During this trip he made valuable contacts like Hans Sloane and Philip Miller. His research attracted international attention. In 1737 Baster became a member of the Royal Society and several of his articles were published in 'Philosophical Transactions'.
Residence
- Zierikzee 
- Paris 1731 - 1732
- England 1732
Occupation
N/AEducation
- medicine student 1727 - 31-05-1731 - Hogeschool Leiden
Membership
- Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen - Haarlem
member 1755 - (Koninklijk) Zeeuwsch Genootschap der Wetenschappen
member 28-06-1768 - Royal Society of London
member 1737
Provenance
- Bibliografie van Biografieën van biologen, dierkundigen, kruidkundigen, plantkundigen, biohistorici, natuurbeschermers, natuurfotografen, natuurillustratoren, natuurschilders etc. voor 1950 geboren. http://www.natuurcijfers.nl/biografieen.htm
Publications
N/AWiki and VIAF
Wiki Data: N/AVIAF: N/A