- Paap, Anton Herman Reinier Everhard
- Pabst tot Bingerden, Rudolf Willem Jacob Baron van
- Paelinck, Joseph
- Paets van Troostwijk, Adriaan
- Pais, Abraham
- Pallas, Peter Simon
- Palm, Johannes Henricus van der
- Pan, Jan
- Pannekoek, Anton
- Panofsky, Erwin
- Pardessus, Jean Marie
- Pareau, Jean Henri
- Paris, Gaston Bruno Paulin
- Parmentier, Joseph Julien Ghislain
- Parrot, Georg Friedrich
- Pasteur, Louis
- Pauli, Wolfgang Ernst
- Pavlow, Ivan Petrovich
- Pedersen, Holger
- Peeters, C.J.A.C.
- Pekelharing, Cornelis Adrianus
- Pelliot, Paul
- Pen, Jan
- Percier, Charles
- Pernot, Hubert
- Pertz, Georg Heinrich
- Perutz, Max Ferdinand
- Pestman, Pieter Willem
- Peters, Sir Rudolph
- Pettazzoni, Raffaele
- Pettenkofer, Max Josef von
- Pflüger, Eduard Friedrich Wilhelm
- Philipson, C.L. (Lennart)
- Picard, Charles
- Pieneman, Jan Willem
- Pieneman, Nicolaas
- Pierson, Nicolaas Gerard
- Pierson (2), Allard
- Pierson Tholen, Jacobus
- Pigeaud, Theodor Gauthier Thomas
- Pigou, Arthur Cecil
- Pijl, Leendert van der
- Pijper, Adrianus
- Pijper, Guillaume Frédéric
- Pilaar, Jan Carel
- Pinto, Aaron Adolf de
- Pirenne, Henri
- Pisson, Jean Baptiste
- Place, Thomas
- Planck, Max Karl Ernst Ludwig
- Plantade, Charles-Henri
- Plateau, Joseph Antoine Ferdinand
- Plessner, Helmuth Karl Otto Gustav Bernhard
- Pleyte, Willem
- Ploeg, Johannes Petrus Maria (Jan) van der
- Ploog, Detlev W.
- Plooij, Daniël
- Pluygers, Willem George
- Poelhekke, Jan Josephus
- Poincaré, Jules Henri
- Pol, Balthasar van der
- Polak, Jacques
- Polak, Herman Josef
- Polder, Dirk
- Policard, Albert
- Polišenský, Josef Vincent
- Polívka, Jiří
- Polman, P., O.F.M.
- Polotsky, Hans Jakob
- Pols, Meinardus Siderius
- Pommier, Jean Joseph Marie Vincent
- Pompe, Willem Petrus Joseph
- Popken, Jan
- Portman, L.G.
- Pos, Hendrik Josephus
- Post, Regnerus Richardus
- Posthumus, Nicolaas Wilhelmus
- Posthumus, Oene
- Posthumus Meyjes, Guillaume Henri Marie
- Postma, Henk
- Pot, Combertus Willem van der
- Pougens, Marie Charles Joseph de
- Pouqueville, Francois Charles Hugues Laurent
- Praet, Joseph Basile Bernard van, (1754-1837)
- Préaux, Mrs. Claire
- Presser, Jacob (Jacques)
- Preuss, Konrad Theodor
- Prick, Joseph Jules Guillaume
- Pringle, Sir John William Sutton
- Prins, Willem Frederik
- Prins, Jan Albert
- Prinsen Geerligs, Hendrik Coenraad
- Prud'homme d'Hailly, Charles François Ferdinand le, Vicomte de Nieuport
- Pruys van der Hoeven, Cornelis